Planning models in higher education     

Ronald H. Stein 《Higher Education》1982,11(6):725-729

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The development of classification abilities in culturally disadvantaged children     

Ronald J. Raven 《科学教学研究杂志》1967,5(3):224-229

Culturally disadvantaged children appear to do less well in analyzing categorical relationships than middle class children.  相似文献   

Student Assessment of Counselor Assistance in Selected Problem Areas     

John J. Kennedy  Ronald H. Fredrickson 《Counselor Education & Supervision》1969,8(3):206-212

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Acceptability,usefulness, and satisfaction with a web-based video-tailored physical activity intervention: The TaylorActive randomized controlled trial     

Stephanie Schoeppe  Mitch J.Duncan  Ronald C.Plotnikoff  W.Kerry Mummery  Amanda Rebar  Stephanie Alley  Quyen To  Camille E.Short  Corneel Vandelanotte 《运动与健康科学(英文)》2022,11(2):133-144

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Achieving optimum sports performance during Ramadan: some practical recommendations     

RJ Maughan  Y Zerguini  H Chalabi  J Dvorak 《Journal of sports sciences》2012,30(Z1):S109-S117

Muslim athletes should fast from sunrise to sunset each day throughout the 30 days of Ramadan. Most athletes will continue to train throughout Ramadan, and they may also be required to compete at this time, but they will also engage in the religious, cultural, and social activities that Ramadan represents. The available evidence indicates that high-level athletes can maintain performance during Ramadan if physical training, food and fluid intake, and sleep are appropriate and well controlled. Individualized monitoring of athletes may help to prevent fatigue and overtraining and to reduce the risk of consequent illness and injury. The timing and intensity of training may require adjustment to optimize the training response, and training close to or after sunset may have advantages, but this will vary between individual and team sports and between environments that are predominantly Muslim and those that are predominantly non-Muslim. Training late in the day allows nutrition interventions after training to promote adaptations to the training stimulus, to promote recovery, and might help to reduce muscle damage. Sleep deficits have a number of adverse effects on well-being and performance, and athletes should ensure adequate sleep throughout Ramadan. In non-Muslim majority environments, especially in team sports, coaches and athletes should be sensitive to the needs of their team-mates who may be fasting. Event organizers should take account of the needs of Muslim athletes when scheduling the dates and timings of sports competitions.  相似文献   

Human biochemical genetics： an insight into inborn errors of metabolism     

Yu C  Scott CR 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2006,7(2):165-166

Inborn errors of metabolism （IEM） include a broad spectrum of defects of various gene products that affect intermediary metabolism in the body. Studying the molecular and biochemical mechanisms of those inherited disorder, systematically summarizing the disease phenotype and natural history, providing diagnostic rationale and methodology and treatment strategy comprise the context of human biochemical genetics. This session focused on： （1） manifestations of representative metabolic disorders; （2） the emergent technology and application of newborn screening of metabolic disorders using tandem mass spectrometry; （3） principles of managing IEM; （4） the concept of carrier testing aiming prevention. Early detection of patients with IEM allows early intervention and more options for treatment.  相似文献   

Age-related incidence curve of hospitalized Shaken Baby Syndrome cases: convergent evidence for crying as a trigger to shaking     

Barr RG  Trent RB  Cross J 《Child abuse & neglect》2006,30(1):7-16

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether there is an age-specific incidence of hospitalized cases of Shaken Baby Syndrome (SBS) that has similar properties to the previously reported "normal crying curve," as a form of indirect evidence that crying is an important stimulus for SBS. DESIGN AND SETTING: The study analyzed cases of Shaken Baby Syndrome by age at hospitalization from hospital discharge data for California hospitals from October 1996 through December 2000. PATIENTS: All cases of children less than 18 months (78 weeks) of age for whom the diagnostic code for Shaken Baby Syndrome (995.55) in the International Classification of Disease, Ninth Edition, Clinical Modification was assigned. RESULTS: There were 273 hospitalizations for SBS. Like the "normal crying curve," the curve of age-specific incidence starts at 2-3 weeks, has a clear peak, and declines to baseline by about 36 weeks of age. In contrast to the normal crying curve that peaks at 5-6 weeks, the peak of SBS hospitalizations occurs at 10-13 weeks. CONCLUSIONS: The age-specific incidence curve of hospitalized SBS cases has a similar starting point and shape to the previously reported normal crying curve but the peak occurs about 4-6 weeks later. Of the likely predisposing causes, this pattern is only consistent with the properties of early crying. There are numerous explanations for the lag in the peaks between crying and SBS hospitalizations, including the possibility of repeat shakings prior to hospitalization. The importance of crying as a stimulus to SBS may provide an opportunity for preventive intervention.  相似文献   

Prevalence of childhood sexual abuse among incarcerated males in county jail     

Johnson RJ  Ross MW  Taylor WC  Williams ML  Carvajal RI  Peters RJ 《Child abuse & neglect》2006,30(1):75-86

OBJECTIVE: The current study examined the prevalence and characteristics of childhood sexual abuse in a jailed-based population. METHODOLOGY: A retrospective, self-reported survey was administered over an 8-week period to a random sample of 100 men who were incarcerated in a county jail in Southeastern Texas. The survey included questions about childhood sexual experiences before and after puberty, drug history and use, and sexual risk-taking behaviors. RESULTS: Of the 100 male inmates who participated in this study, 59% reported experiencing some form of sexual abuse before puberty, and all such instances occurred before or at the age of 13 years. The first episode of childhood sexual abuse began at an average age of 9.6 years (SD = 2.4), and ended at an average age of 13.0 years (SD = 2.3). Kissing and touching without intercourse (64%) was the common pattern of sexual abuse experience reported. The total number of perpetrators was 165, with 10% male and 90% female. Friends (n = 72) and family (n = 56) were the most frequent perpetrators. CONCLUSION: Childhood sexual abuse may be more prevalent among inmates than among males in the general population. These results show a high percentage of inmates who report a history of childhood sexual abuse; this rate is higher than those reported by other studies for incarcerated males. The findings support the belief held by professionals in the criminal justice field that a significant number of incarcerated males may have been victims of sexual abuse.  相似文献   

网络信息检索中利用the Staceys测度方法提高逻辑运算效率的思考     

Ronald Rousseau 《情报学报》2006,25(5):580-586

网络信息检索中,逻辑运算符AND连接检索词的顺序很大程度上会影响检索效率.论文首先分析、介绍了the Staceys测度方法在改善AND检索效率中发挥的作用,并在此基础上提出简化了的测度算法,最后通过实例说明其实现步骤.  相似文献   

Event-Konzepte     

Ronald Hitzler  Babette Kirchner  Jessica Pahl 《Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft》2013,16(3):143-158

In view of processes of individualization and pluralization, the requirements for living in modern societies result in significantly increased complexity of social constructions of reality. Especially for individualized juvenile people new forms of communities are a constitutive feature of social lifestyle progression and rearrangement. Within events a specific type of these juvenile communalities emerges. Based on two different cases, a music festival and an improvisational theater performance, this paper emphasizes a crucial similarity of events: the use of (physical) staging as a social mechanism for integration and distinction. The process of ‘eventization’ (i.e., spectacularization) provides a framework for action, in which emotional as well as mental affiliations constitute.  相似文献